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	You (or your child) will have to be able to lie still for 15-35 minutes.
	If your child cannot lie still for this amount of time, sedation may be needed. A child who needs sedation cannot have solid foods, formula or milk for six hours before the appointment. Clear liquids such as water and juice without pulp can be given until two hours before the exam.
	Sometimes contrast material is necessary for MRI exams. If you (or your child) need contrast material, do not eat or drink for 3-4 hours before your appointment.
	If sedation or contrast is needed, a nurse, doctor or technologist will go over the details with you.
	Since some noises from the MRI machine will be loud, we will offer you (or your child) ear plugs. If your child has a favorite blanket, you may bring it with you. Any special toy that does not have any metal parts may also be brought along.

The M.R.I (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) machine contains a powerful magnet which can attract ferromagnetic metallic objects. These objects may also disturb the images. Accordingly, please note the following:

	Patients with cardiac pacemaker and those with metallic implants (such as aneurysmal clips) or intra-orbital metallic foreign bodies are exempted from the study.
	Please inform the Doctor about your previous operations particularly if there are metallic implants.
	Please get rid of the following items before the examination (jewels, metallic currency, keys, watches, bank credit cards, eyeglasses, hearing aids, artificial denture, hairpins, etc..). Keep these items and other personal belongings with a relative or let them with the technician doing the MR examination.
	Small metallic things with your dresses like buttons or zippers are not allowed, kindly put-on our hospital gown supplied for you during the examination.
	The examination takes about 15-20 minutes (divided into 3-4 periods of time)
	The examination is painless and doesn't use ionizing radiations.
	You will be lying down on your back during the examination and should not move as movement may necessitate repeating the imaging and prolonging the study.
	During the examination the machine produces knocking-like high sound which is normal. Rubber ear-plugs are available, if needed you can ask for one.
	The Doctor and technician performing the study are continuously monitoring you and they can communicate with you throughout the examination through the intercom. A relative or a companion can stay with you inside the examination room during the study if necessary.
	Patients suffering from severe pain preventing them lying down quite during the examination may be given sedation and this necessitates being fasting at least 4-5 hours prior to the examination. Other patients do not need to be fasting.
	No definite scientifically proven dangers or side-effects to this study on the fetus or pregnant woman. However, the study is not routinely used during pregnancy except whenever it is indicated.
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Abdominal examination (Liver-Gall bladder-Kidney-Hepatic Doppler)

	Fasting for 6-8 hours before examination.
	Drinking water, tea or coffee and eating one piece of toast bread with honey or jam are allowed.
	Avoid taking egg or milk or its products and carbonated water.

Pelvic ultrasound (Urinary bladder – Prostatic gland – Uterus and ovaries)

	Drinking plenty of water, patient has to hold micturation 2 hours before the examination.
	Disflatyl tablet has to be taken 3 times every 6 hours before the exam.

Ultrasound guided Biopsy

	Bleeding profile: bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time, PTT
	Bring X-ray films, C.T. and MRI films done to the patient, if any.
	Complete fasting 6 hours prior to the exam.
	Blood pressure should be checked.

Echocardiographic exam, carotid and transcranial Doppler, venous Doppler, thyroid Doppler, brain ultrasound, breast ultrasound, hip ultrasound

Preparation: No.

Transrectal examination

	Plain water enema (without soap)
	Food and fluids are allowed.
	Patient better to hold micturation 2 hours before the examination.
	PSA analysis if available.

For infants:

Patients need to arrive with a full bladder. Give your child liquids 30 minutes to an hour before the ultrasound. Do not let your child drink Coke, Pepsi or any other soft drink. Do give water, juice, milk or formula. If your child is an infant, please give lots of liquid before arriving and bring extra bottles.

How should I prepare my child?

Although you cannot explain the exam to your baby your voice and comments will help your baby feel more secure during the test. Bringing along a special blanket, toy or pacifier, and also a bottle of juice or formula to feed your baby when the test is done.

Toddlers and preschool-age children

Young children remember things for only a short time, so the best time to talk about the test is right before you are ready to come to the center.
Tell your child that you are going to the center to have some "pictures" taken of inside his body. Explain that the doctor needs them to help him/her get better. Try to use simple words.
It is important to be honest with your child. If the test is known to bring some discomfort, be sure to mention it and tell the child it is okay to cry.
Because children at this age are afraid of being separated from their parent, say that that mummy or daddy will stay beside as much as possible. When you come to the center, bring a favorite book, toy or blanket. You may also bring along a snack for after the test.

School-age children

School-age children have a strong imagination. If you don't tell them the truth about what is going to happen during the test, they might imagine something much worse than the actual test.
The day of the test, tell your child that he will be going to the hospital to have some pictures taken of the inside of his body. Tell him the pictures will help the doctor decide how to make him better. Use simple words. Be honest. Try to tell your child exactly what will happen. If your child's examination is going to hurt a little, be sure to tell him it's okay to cry. When you come to the center, bring along a favorite book or game. If you wish, you may also bring along a snack for after the test.

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1-Thyroid scanning:

	Patient must following drugs as follow: i. Eltroxin should be stopped 4 weeks prior to exam ii. Neomercazole should be stopped 48 hours prior to exam iii. Preferable to stop anti-cough, anti-diarrhea and multivitamins medications.
	At least one month should have past following an CT exam with contrast injection, an Intravenous pyelography or an angiographic examination.
	It is preferable to stop food containing fish, sea food.

2- Liver scanning:

In case of assessment of diffuse parenchymal liver disease, the patient must be fasting for 6 hours prior to the study, particulary if dynamic study is to be carried.

3- Hepatobiliary scanning:

	The patient must be fasting for 4-6 hours prior to the study
	In case of neonatal jaundice the baby is to be premedicated by Phenobarbital orally in a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight/day for 5-7 days prior to the study.

4- Renal, cardiac and pulmonary scanning:

Patient fasting for 4 hours prior to the study is preferable.

5-Bone scanning:

Patient should be well hydrated, i.e drinking from 1-2 liters of water.

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You (or your child) will have to be able to lie still for 5-10 minutes.

If your child cannot lie still for this amount of time, sedation may be needed. A child who needs sedation cannot have solid foods, formula or milk for six hours before the appointment.

Contrast material is requested in several CT exams. If you (or your child) need contrast material, do not eat or drink for 3-4 hours before your appointment.

If sedation or contrast is needed, a nurse, doctor or technologist will go over the details with you.

Although you cannot explain the exam to your baby, you can help your baby feel more secure during the test by bringing a special blanket, toy or pacifier. Please bring along a bottle of juice or formula to feed your baby when the test is done.

Young children remember things for only a short time, so the best time to talk about the test is right before you are ready to come to the hospital. Tell your child that you are going to the hospital to have some "pictures" taken that the doctor needs to help him/her. Try to use simple words

For all known X-ray procedures with and without contrast, if there is a chance the parent (mother) is pregnant, we ask her not attend in the exam room, even when wearing a lead apron. If there the patient is pregnant, she should inform us before the exam, so that the radiologist can contact her doctor, and ask about possibility of performing examination

Plain Abdomen

	A laxative one day prior to the examination.
	Colonic washout with tab water on the night of the examination.
	Nil orally 6 hours prior to the examination.

Plain x-ray chest and heart, plain film for salivary gland, x-ray joints, spine, panoramic dental x-ray and cephalometry, mammography galactography, fistulography.

Preparation: No.

Urinary Tract x-ray and intravenous urography (IVP)

	A laxative one day prior to the examination.
	Colonic washout with tab water on the night of the examination.
	Nil orally 6 hours prior to the examination.
	A laxative one day prior to the examination.

Ascending and micturating cystourethrography

No special preparation is necessary for this exam; you may eat and drink normally on the day of the test. It is very important that you tell your doctor and the radiology department if your child has ever had any heart problems, even a slight heart murmur. If there is a heart condition, your child must be given medicine before we start the test. We also need to know if your child is allergic to anything, especially latex (plastic) products.

Hysterosalpingiography preparation

Fasting 6 hours before examination.

Barium Swallow, Barium Meal, Barium meal and follow through

	Nil orally for 8 hours prior to the examination.
	No smoking on the day of examination.

Barium enema

	Low residue diet for 3 days prior to the examination
	On the day prior to the examination: Plenty of fluids
	Low residue diet
	A laxative 30 min before breakfast and 2 hours after lunch (‘Picolax’ 20 drops on half glass of water or 4 tab of ‘Boldolaxin’)
	High colonic washout with 2 liters tap water on the evening
	On the day of the examination: high colonic washout with tap water 3 hours prior to the examination
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Recent following laboratory examination

Renal function tests:
a.	Blood urea
b.	Serum creatinine

Bleeding profile:
a.	Bleeding time
b.	Clotting time
c.	Prothrombin time
d.	PTT

Complete hair shaving of both upper femoral and loin regions

Complete fasting 6 hours prior to the exam.

Blood pressure should be checked.

Bring X-ray films, C.T. and MRI films done to the patient, if any.

	If less than 10 years: fasting 4 hours is requested
	If above 10 years: 6 hours fasting is needed.

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